The Director's Desk

HHS & NIH Evidence Review on Pediatric Gender Dysphoria — Expert Panel Discussion

Dec 16, 2025
Evgenia Abbruzzese, co-founder of the Society for Evidence-Based Gender Medicine, shares insights on diagnostic definitions and the historical context of gender dysphoria. Farr Curlin, a physician and bioethicist, discusses the ethical implications of treatment options. Yuan Zhang elaborates on the rigorous evidence evaluation methods used in the HHS report. Christopher Kaliebe outlines clinical practices for treating youth with gender dysphoria, while philosopher Alex Byre critiques the language surrounding gender identity. Together, they uncover the complexities and uncertain outcomes of current pediatric gender treatments.
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INSIGHT

Umbrella Review Finds Low Certainty Of Benefit

  • The HHS team performed an umbrella review of 17 systematic reviews and assessed their quality and certainty.
  • High-quality systematic reviews still show very uncertain evidence of benefit.
INSIGHT

Blockers Often Lead To Further Treatment

  • Puberty blockers are technically reversible physiologically but strongly predict progression to cross-sex hormones.
  • Starting blockers often commits patients to further irreversible treatments.
INSIGHT

Cross-Sex Hormones Carry Clear Biological Risks

  • Cross-sex hormones are given in supraphysiologic doses and can cause serious harms like vaginal atrophy, emergencies, and infertility.
  • Evidence of clinical benefit is uncertain while biological harms are better understood.
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