
The Foreign Affairs Interview Sudan’s Intractable War
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May 29, 2025 Ahmed Kodouda, a humanitarian policy expert fresh from Sudan, and Mai Hassan, an MIT Associate Professor specializing in political science, delve into the ongoing war in Sudan. They explore how the conflict, featuring the Sudanese Armed Forces and Rapid Support Forces, has spiraled into a horrific humanitarian crisis. The duo discusses the historical roots and regional complexities fueling the violence and emphasizes the ramifications for both Sudan and the broader region. Their insights reveal a desperate need for peace amid escalating international interests and suffering.
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Widespread Militias Fuel Conflict
- The war spread beyond the two main armies as hundreds of smaller militias and rebel groups joined, worsening violence. - This proliferation of armed groups makes the conflict more localized and harder to resolve.
Fluid Coalitions Increase Instability
- Factional fluidity in Sudan has led to defections and infighting within coalitions. - Ongoing resource scarcity may intensify these shifts, undermining coalition coherence.
Foreign Powers Fuel Conflict
- Foreign powers like the UAE and Egypt provide arms and political backing to rival factions, prolonging the war. - Their conflicting interests mean peace is not necessarily in their immediate interest.


