Limits of Causal Reasoning and the Knowledge Illusion

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Dr. Steven Sloman is Professor of Cognitive and Psychological Sciences at Brown University. He studies how people think: how we reason, make decisions, and form attitudes and beliefs. Most of the work in his lab involves experiments asking adults to think about events and report their conclusions and preferences. His perspective has been shaped by observing how people respond to political events, by philosophy, and by computational models of how people process information. He is the author of The Cost of Conviction: How Our Deepest Values Lead Us Astray.

In this episode, we focus on The Cost of Conviction. We discuss what sacred values are, consequentialism, and the differences between decision-making based on sacred values and on consequences. We talk about causal reasoning, and how important it is for consequentialism. We discuss situations where consequentialism might fail us, as well as how to deal with the subconscious aspects of decision-making. Finally, we talk about whether it is possible to “cure” a sacred value.

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