Bone Stimulators and Fracture Healing

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, or lipus, accelerates fracture healing and increases mechanical strength of callus. Healing rates for delayed unions and non-unions have been reported to be close to 80% with lipus treatment. Bone stimulators lead to elevated concentrations of TGF beta and bone morphogenic protein. COX2 promotes fracture healing by causing mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts.