Prescriptive Codes vs Outcome-Based Codes

Looking for a family-sized apartment in Canada feels almost impossible. In this episode, Cara Stern and Mike Moffatt explore why they’re so rare in Canadian cities and why building regulations, zoning, and outdated fire safety rules make larger units nearly impossible to construct. Restrictive codes, high costs, and policy gaps mean that families often end up squeezed into spaces that don’t meet their needs or leave cities entirely.

This shortage has shaped urban life, contributed to declining family formation in cities, and limited opportunities for young families. Are regulations really protecting people, or are they unintentionally blocking the housing Canadians need?

In this episode, we discuss:

Regulatory Barriers: How building codes and zoning prevent the creation of family-sized apartments.

Comparisons with Europe: Why families in cities like Paris and Berlin live comfortably in apartments.

Unintended Consequences: How rules meant to improve safety or quality actually reduce housing options.

Policy and Change: What it would take to create a housing system that truly supports families.

Chapters:
00:00 Introduction
00:42 Challenges Finding Family-Sized Rental Apartments
01:54 How European Families Live in City Apartments
02:46 Why European-Style Apartment Units Are Illegal Here
03:40 North American Apartment Layouts Create Space Issues
04:15 Unintended Consequences of Prescriptive Building Codes
04:57 pop up https://youtu.be/TF63Xj_QtjM?si=YKMdLHIs8b_Nchgx
05:03 pop up https://youtu.be/WpT0YDY8ejM?si=OIIEQm-y76TZlPEB
06:05 Structural Problems in Housing Regulations
08:07 Zoning Makes Low-Rise Family Apartments Difficult
09:48 Optimism and Next Steps for Policy Change

Research/links:
Why we can’t build family-sized apartments in North America
https://www.centerforbuilding.org/article/why-we-cant-build

Why Single Stairways are Heaven for Homebuilding
https://youtu.be/WpT0YDY8ejM?si=OIIEQm-y76TZlPEB

How Elevator Rules Cost Us Homes
https://youtu.be/TF63Xj_QtjM?si=YKMdLHIs8b_Nchgx

North America's Elevator Problem
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Or1_qVdekYM&t=1s

Addressing the concerns around single-staircase apartments
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ozwkP9Zsi0Y

Why We Don't Build More Apartments for Families | Odd Lots
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76IHpt6q9ME

Broken Zoning: Why We Can’t Fix the Housing Crisis Without a Map
https://youtu.be/yuAsjJsiuyQ?si=1DDXn4pIGUvSjmgC

Single Stair Buildings for San Francisco: The Key to Building Small Scale Infill Housing
https://openscopestudio.com/single-stair-buildings-for-san-francisco-the-key-to-building-small-scale-infill-housing/

Why Are Housing Costs So High? The Elevator Can Explain Why.
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/08/opinion/elevator-construction-regulation-labor-immigration.html

Hosted by Mike Moffatt & Cara Stern & Sabrina Maddeaux

Produced by Meredith Martin

This podcast is funded by the Neptis Foundation and brought to you by the Smart Prosperity Institute.