Intro

Please join my mailing list here 👉 https://briankeating.com/yt to win a meteorite 💥

Nick Lane joins Brian Keating to argue that life is not information running on chemistry but energy in motion—showing how a single ancient metabolic “transformer” predates genes, powers mitochondria, shapes aging and cancer, constrains alien life, and reveals why today’s AI excitement echoes a solution biology discovered billions of years ago.

00:00 — Defining life vs. death; membrane potential as the boundary between living and dead 00:50 — The title “Transformer” and parallels between AI transformers and biochemical transformation 03:22 — Schrödinger’s What Is Life? and why defining life is intrinsically slippery 06:25 — Why the Krebs cycle sits at the center of metabolism 08:45 — The reverse Krebs cycle, CO₂ fixation, and links to cancer metabolism 11:35 — Mitochondrial membrane potential and the electrical field that powers life 15:00 — Reverse Krebs cycle vs. Calvin cycle and the evolution of carbon fixation 18:00 — Endosymbiosis: origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts 30:02 — Metabolism before genes; CO₂ + hydrogen and prebiotic chemistry 59:49 — Rapid-fire Q&A: RNA world critique and big open questions in origin-of-life research

------------------------------------------------------

➡️ Follow Nick Lane

🌐 Website: https://www.nick-lane.net  

📚 Transformer: The Deep Chemistry of Life and Death: https://nick-lane.net/books/transformer-the-deep-chemistry-of-life-and-death/ 

Join this channel to get access to perks like monthly Office Hours:

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join

📚 Get my books:

Think Like a Nobel Prize Winner, with productivity tips from 9 Nobel Prize winners: https://a.co/d/03ezQFu

Focus Like a Nobel Prize Winner, with life-changing interviews with 9 Nobel Prizewinners: https://a.co/d/hi50U9U

My tell-all cosmic memoir Losing the Nobel Prize: http://amzn.to/2sa5UpA

The first-ever audiobook from Galileo: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems: Ptolemaic and Copernican https://a.co/d/iZPi9Un

Follow me to ask questions of my guests:

🏄‍♂️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrBrianKeating

🔔 Subscribe https://www.youtube.com/DrBrianKeating?sub_confirmation=1

📝 Join my mailing list; just click here http://briankeating.com/list

✍️ Detailed Blog posts here: https://briankeating.com/blog

🎙️ Listen on audio-only platforms: https://briankeating.com/podcast

#universe #podcast #briankeating #intotheimpossible #science #astronomy #cosmology #cosmicmicrowavebackground #intotheimpossible #briankeating

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices