Measuring AI efficiency: joules per token

Unconventional AI recently emerged from stealth with $475M in seed funding at a $4.5B valuation, led by Andreessen Horowitz and Lightspeed, with participation from Sequoia, Lux Capital, DCVC, Future Ventures, Jeff Bezos, Playground Global, and others. Naveen is also personally investing $10M into the company.

Recorded at Playground Global in Palo Alto and hosted by Peter Barrett, General Partner, this Sourcery conversation features:

- Naveen Rao — CEO & Co-Founder, Unconventional AI (founder of Nervana, acquired by Intel for $400M+, and MosaicML, acquired by Databricks for $1.3B; former Chief AI Officer at Databricks)

- Konstantine Buhler — Partner at Sequoia Capital

- Molly O’Shea — Founder of Sourcery (Moderator)

Unconventional AI is building a new computational substrate designed for biology-scale efficiency — running neural networks directly on the nonlinear physics of silicon instead of simulating them through traditional digital abstractions.As AI demand accelerates, computation is approaching a collision with global energy supply. Unconventional’s thesis: achieving step-function efficiency gains requires rethinking compute itself.

Instead of forcing stochastic neural networks onto deterministic digital machines, the company is engineering silicon circuits with similar nonlinear dynamics — effectively creating a “silicon wind tunnel” for intelligence.In this conversation, we cover:- Why energy — not capital — is becoming AI’s true bottleneck- The return of analog-inspired computing- What it takes to build a new computing paradigm- How investors underwrite formation-stage deep tech- Where the AI supercycle goes next

Molly on X: https://x.com/MollySOShea

Naveen on X: https://x.com/NaveenGRao

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