The First and Second Treatises of Government

In the First Treatise, John Locke refutes Sir Robert Filmer's doctrine of the divine right of kings, arguing that no biblical basis exists for absolute monarchical authority and that political power derives from consent rather than divine inheritance.

The Second Treatise develops Locke's theory of government based on natural rights to life, liberty, and property, the state of nature, and the social contract, where individuals form civil society to protect these rights, with the legislature as the supreme power bound by natural law, and a right to revolution against tyranny.