Unvaccinated Under God

Kira Ganga Keefer's 'Unvaccinated Under God' traces the historical and religious roots of vaccine hesitancy in the United States, showing how religious identity, distrust of biomedicine, and appeals to bodily autonomy intersect.

The book examines diverse faith communities and how theological, cultural, and political factors have influenced attitudes toward vaccines.

Keefer situates contemporary movements—such as post-COVID medical freedom campaigns—within longer histories of religious claims about bodily integrity and skepticism toward state power.

She combines archival research, interviews, and cultural analysis to reveal how vaccine resistance has been framed as a form of religious liberty.

The work highlights implications for public health policy and for understanding religion's role in shaping biomedical dissent.